On August 6, 1880, elements of the 10th U.S. Cavalry (Buffalo Soldiers) and a detachment of the 24th U.S. Infantry engaged Apache forces led by Victorio in the rugged Trans-Pecos region, about forty miles north of modern Van Horn.

Victorio’s band had been raiding across New Mexico, Mexico, and Texas, attempting to return to familiar ground and access water sources. Colonel Benjamin Grierson positioned his troops to deny the Apaches access to key springs and fortify water crossings—a strategy rooted in knowing that the harsh desert terrain made control of water vital.

During the fight, Apache warriors made repeated attempts to approach Rattlesnake Springs. The cavalry and infantry units held defensive positions at nearby canyons and approaches. When Victorio’s men attacked the cavalry’s flank or tried to disrupt the Army’s supply wagon, reinforcements and coordinated fire pushed them back into the hills.

While casualties were relatively light, the battle proved strategic. Victorio’s forces, unable to secure water or overcome the Army’s blockade, withdrew northward and eventually recrossed into Mexico.

The setback contributed to Victorio abandoning his campaign in West Texas; he would later be killed in October at Tres Castillos.