The Seminole-Negro Indian Scouts were primarily descendants of escaped slaves who had found refuge and intermarried with the Seminole Indians. They knew the land well and were the best guides for ensuring the army and its supplies reached Fort Stockton, or even farther west. Under the command of U.S. Army leaders like Lieutenant John Bullis, the scouts protected mail routes and the San Antonio-El Paso Road from potential threats and were instrumental in building wagon roads through the Pecos River Canyon. The work done by the Seminole Indian Scouts allowed the U.S. Army and settlers to use the trails from Fort Clark to Fort Stockton, which were dangerous due to the presence of Native American raiding parties, making it easier to travel through the rugged land west of the Pecos.

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